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climate changes something that affects

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all of our lives whether we're a student

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a teacher or a scientist speaking of

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scientists I have a guest here with me

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today that can tell us a lot more about

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climate change Josh Willis now you're an

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oceanographer here at JPL correct well

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I'm an oceanographer but I study sea

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level rise and global warming and really

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how the ocean fits into that whole

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global warming picture global warming is

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happening because people are emitting

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billions of tons of carbon dioxide and

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other greenhouse gases into the

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atmosphere now when they get there at

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these greenhouse gases cause extra heat

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to be trapped on the earth

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so heat that would have otherwise been

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radiated back out into space is now

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sticking around and warming up our

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planet now all that heat is trapped in

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our atmosphere but is it also affecting

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the oceans it turns out that 80 to 90

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percent of the heat from global warming

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is actually going into the oceans so the

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oceans are really the big earth heat

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bucket that's where all the heat winds

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up going it turns out that the oceans

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can absorb a thousand times the amount

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of heat as the atmosphere without really

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changing their temperature all that much

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and the reason is because of something

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called heat capacity do you have an

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example that could maybe explain heat

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capacity let's imagine that this balloon

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represents the whole Earth's atmosphere

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so now my candle my little lighter here

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represents the Sun so let's add some

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heat to it and see what happens I don't

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try this at home without adult

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whoa so obviously the heat capacity of

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air is very low because it didn't

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absorbing heat at all well that's right

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almost as soon as we put the candle to

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the balloon it exploded the reason is

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because since the air inside the balloon

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couldn't really absorb the heat that

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fast all the heat went toward melting

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the rubber as soon as the rubber melted

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the bullet explodes oh hey cool now

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that's a good demonstration of the heat

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capacity of air how about the heat

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capacity of water of the oceans yeah

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let's do the oceans how about a water

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boots sounds great all right

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alright Steve so this balloon filled

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with water represents the oceans and my

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lighter here represents the Sun let's

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put some heat on it and see what happens

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Wow obviously it's absorbing a great

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deal of heat right so you feeling the

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heat there Steve I am alright but the

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balloon really isn't because it turns

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out that the water can absorb so much

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heat that it takes the heat away from

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the from the skin of the balloon before

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the rubber can melt so the balloon

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doesn't follow excellent example so the

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water has a tremendous ability to absorb

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heat and if that's an analogue for our

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oceans that means our oceans are

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absorbing a lot of heat as well that's

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right they sure are Steve well global

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warming sounds like quite a problem what

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can we do about it well the first thing

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we need to do Steve is really just to

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understand the problem scientists all

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around the globe including NASA

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scientists and here at JPL we study data

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from satellites that measure the oceans

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in the atmosphere and these tell us

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about how global warming proceeds and

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hopefully give us an idea of what the

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future is gonna look like that sounds

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like a pretty serious problem what is it

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we can do everything that we do almost

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uses some kind of energy and most of its

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produced by burning fossil fuels which

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release carbon dioxide into the

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atmosphere we can turn off the lights

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when we leave the room

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maybe power down that computer every

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once in a while and go outside take a

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bike ride instead of getting in your car

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well thanks Josh for coming in and

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talking to us today about climate change

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we really appreciate your expertise do

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you Beth Steve my pleasure

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all right thanks bunch to learn more

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about climate change in how NASA and JPL

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are studying the problem go to climate

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JPL nasa.gov and for more information

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about what NASA is doing in general go